O-Ring Groove Information - AS568


An O-Ring groove refers to a specifically designed groove or channel in a mating surface or component that accommodates an O-Ring. The purpose of the O-ring groove is to securely position and retain the O-Ring in place, allowing it to effectively seal a joint or connection.

The O-Ring groove is typically a circular or rectangular indentation in the surface of the component. It is designed to match the shape and dimensions of the O-Ring, ensuring a proper fit and seal. The groove geometry and dimensions are crucial in providing optimal sealing performance and preventing leakage.

The groove dimensions include the width, depth, and sometimes the diameter, which are specific to the O-Ring size and cross-section diameter. The dimensions of the groove are calculated based on factors such as the O-Ring's cross-section diameter, desired compression percentage, and clearance requirements.

The O-Ring is placed within the groove, and when the mating surfaces come together, the O-Ring is compressed between them, forming a seal. The compression of the O-Ring creates a deformation that fills any gaps and provides a tight seal against fluid or gas pressure.

It's important to note that O-Ring groove design also takes into account factors such as surface finish, corner radii, and chamfers to ensure proper O-Ring installation and performance. The groove design should follow industry standards or guidelines provided by O-Ring manufacturers to achieve effective sealing in different applications.

AS568 Static O-Ring Axial Face Seal Glands
(Link to: Metric O-Ring Groove Information)

Static seals exist where there is no relative motion between the mating surfaces being sealed.
CS Cross Section | DC Diametral Clearance | BR Backup Rings Measurements in inches.

    Gland Squeeze Groove Width Groove
AS568B CS Depth Inches % Liquids Gases Radius
-004 to
-050
.070
.050 to
.054
.013 to
.023
19 to
32
.101 to
.107
.084 to
.089
.005 to
.015
-102 to
-178
.103
.074 to
.080
.020 to
.032
20 to
30
.136 to
.142
.120 to
.125
.005 to
.015
-201 to
-284
.139
.101 to
.107
.028 to
.042
20 to
30
.177 to
.187
.158 to
.164
.010 to
.025
-309 to
-395
.210
.152 to
.162
.043 to
.063
21 to
30
.270 to
.290
.239 to
.244
.020 to
.035
-425 to
-475
.275
.201 to
.211
.058 to
.080
21 to
29
.342 to
.362
.309 to
.314
.020 to
.035

AS568 Static O-Ring Radial Glands

Static seals exist where there is no relative motion between the mating surfaces being sealed.
CS Cross Section | DC Diametral Clearance | BR Backup Rings Measurements in inches.

    Gland Squeeze   Groove Width Groove
AS568B CS Depth Inches % DC 0 BR 1 BR 2 BR Radius
-004 to
-050
.070 .050 to
.052
.015 to
.023
22 to
32
.002 to
.005
.093 to
.098
.138 to
.143
.205 to
.210
.005 to
.015
-102 to
-178
.103 .081 to
.083
.017 to
.025
17 to
24
.002 to
.005
.140 to
.145
.171 to
.176
.238 to
.243
.005 to
.015
-201 to
-284
.139 .111 to
.113
.022 to
.032
16 to
23
.003 to
.006
.187 to
.192
.208 to
.213
.275 to
.280
.010 to
.025
-309 to
-395
.210 .170 to
.173
.032 to
.045
15 to
21
.003 to
.006
.281 to
.286
.311 to
.316
.410 to
.415
.020 to
.035
-425 to
-475
.275 .226 to
.229
.040 to
.055
15 to
20
.004 to
.007
.375 to
.380
.408 to
.413
.538 to
.543
.020 to
.035

AS568 Dynamic O-Ring Reciprocating Glands

Dynamic seals exist where there is relative motion between the mating surfaces being sealed.
CS Cross Section | DC Diametral Clearance | BR Backup Rings Measurements in inches.

    Gland Squeeze   Groove Width Groove
AS568B CS Depth Inches % DC 0 BR 1 BR 2 BR Radius
-004 to
-050
.070 .055 to
.057
.010 to
.018
15 to
25
.002 to
.005
.093 to
.098
.138 to
.143
.205 to
.210
.005 to
.015
-102 to
-178
.103 .088 to
.090
.010 to
.018
10 to
17
.002 to
.005
.140 to
.145
.171 to
.176
.238 to
.243
.005 to
.015
-201 to
-284
.139 .121 to
.123
.012 to
.022
9 to
16
.003 to
.006
.187 to
.192
.208 to
.213
.275 to
.280
.010 to
.025
-309 to
-395
.210 .185 to
.188
.017 to
.030
8 to
14
.003 to
.006
.281 to
.286
.311 to
.316
.410 to
.415
.020 to
.035
-425 to
-475
.275 .237 to
.240
.029 to
.044
11 to
16
.004 to
.007
.375 to
.380
.408 to
.413
.538 to
.543
.020 to
.035

 

 


The formula for standard O-Ring groove sizing typically involves several parameters. Here is a general formula for designing O-Ring grooves:

  1. Determine the O-Ring cross-section diameter (CS):

    CS = OD - ID

    Where:

    • CS is the cross-section diameter of the O-Ring.

    • OD is the outside diameter of the O-Ring.

    • ID is the inside diameter of the O-Ring.

  2. Calculate the O-Ring squeeze percentage (%Squeeze):

    %Squeeze = [(OD - ID) / OD] * 100

  3. Calculate the groove width (GW):

    GW = CS + (2 * Compression)

    Where:

    • GW is the groove width.

    • Compression is the amount of compression desired for the O-Ring, typically specified by the O-Ring manufacturer or based on application requirements.

  4. Calculate the groove depth (GD):

    GD = CS + (2 * Gap)

    Where:

    • GD is the groove depth.

    • Gap is the gap between the top surface of the groove and the adjacent component or mating surface, typically specified by the O-Ring manufacturer or based on application requirements.

It's important to note that these formulas provide a general guideline, but specific applications may have additional considerations or variations based on factors such as O-Ring material, groove geometry, pressure, temperature, and other environmental conditions. It is recommended to consult O-Ring manufacturers or industry standards for more precise guidelines and specifications tailored to your specific application.


To calculate the O-Ring groove width, we'll use the given inside diameter (ID) and cross-section diameter (CS). 

Given: 
Inside Diameter (ID) = 0.424 inches 
Cross-Section Diameter (CS) = 0.103 inches

To calculate the groove width (GW), we can use the following formula:

GW = CS + (2 * Compression)

Since we don't have the Compression value specified, we'll assume a typical value of 0.04 inches (4% compression) for this calculation. You can adjust this value based on your specific requirements or consult the O-ring manufacturer for recommended compression percentages.

GW = 0.103 + (2 * 0.04)
GW = 0.103 + 0.08
GW ≈ 0.183 inches

Therefore, the groove width for an O-Ring with an inside diameter of 0.424 inches and a cross-section diameter of 0.103 inches, assuming a compression of 4%, is approximately 0.183 inches.

 

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